DVR的结构解析以及工作原理Structure analysis and working principle of DVR

　　(DigitalVideoRecorder)数字硬盘录像机，是目前视频监控行业最为常见并且最为理想的监控和记录视频资料的设备。
(DigitalVideoRecorder) digital hard disk video recorder is the most common and ideal device for monitoring and recording video data in the video surveillance industry.
 

　　DVR是一套进行图像存储处理的计算机系统，具有对图像/语音进行长时间录像、录音、远程监视和控制的功能，DVR集合了录像机、画面分割器、云台镜头控制、报警控制、网络传输等五种功能于一身，用一台设备就能取代模拟监控系统一大堆设备的功能，而且在价格上也逐渐占有优势。此外DVR影像录制效果好、画面清晰，并可重复多次录制，能对存放影像进行回放检索。
DVR is a set of computer system for image storage and processing. It has the functions of long time video recording, recording, remote monitoring and control of image / voice. DVR sets five functions of video recorder, screen splitter, cloud platform lens control, alarm control, network transmission and so on. One device can replace analog monitor. The system controls the functions of a large number of devices, and also has an advantage in price. In addition, the DVR image recording effect is good, the picture is clear, and can be repeated many times to record, can store the image playback retrieval.
 

　　DVR系统的硬件主要由CPU，内存，主板，显卡，视频采集卡，机箱，电源，硬盘，连接线缆等构成。
The hardware of the DVR system is mainly composed of CPU, memory, motherboard, graphics card, video capture card, chassis, power supply, hard disk, connection cable and so on.
 

　　目前市面上主流的DVR采用的压缩技术有MPEG-2、MPEG-4、H.264、M-JPEG，而MPEG-4、H.264是国内最常见的压缩方式; 从压缩卡上分有软压缩和硬压缩两种，软压受到CPU的影响较大，多半做不到全实时显示和录像，故逐渐被硬压缩淘汰;从摄像机输入路数上分为1路、2路、4 路、6路、9路、12路、16路、32路，甚至更多路数;总的来说，按系统结构可以分为两大类：基于PC架构的PC式DVR和脱离PC架构的嵌入式 DVR。
At present, the main mainstream DVR technologies are MPEG-2, MPEG-4, H.264, M-JPEG, and MPEG-4 and H.264 are the most common compression methods in China. There are two kinds of compression cards, soft compression and hard compression from the compression card. The soft pressure is greatly influenced by CPU. The number of image input routes can be divided into 1, 2, 4, 6, 9, 12, 16, 32, and even more. In general, the system structure can be divided into two categories: PC DVR based on PC architecture and embedded DVR which is out of PC architecture.

　　数字硬盘录像机的设计从根本上取代了原来质量低下，高维修率的CCTV录像机，例如视频监控模拟录像机。DVR不仅仅革命性地扩展了CCTV视频监控系统的功能，并且所增加的功能使其远远优于以前使用的模拟录像机。
The design of the digital hard disk recorder basically replaced the original CCTV video recorder with low quality and high maintenance rate, such as video surveillance analog video recorder. DVR not only revolutionized the function of CCTV video surveillance system, but also increased its functions far better than the analog VCR used before.
 

　　首先，最重要的是，DVR把高质量的图像资料记录在硬盘中，免除了不停地更换录像带的麻烦。其次，DVR的内置的多路复用器可以多路同时记录CCTV录像机的视频资料，降低了视频监控系统中所需的设备，显示出了强大的功能。这样，通过把安防摄像机的视频信息数字化并且基于MPEG-4进行压缩，DVR可以高效率地记录多路高质量的视频流。DVR也可能用其他方格式备份视频信息，如CD-RW/DVD-RW。USB驱动器，记忆卡或者其他存储卡等等。
First of all, the most important thing is that DVR records high-quality image data on the hard disk, eliminating the trouble of constantly changing the video tape. Secondly, the built-in multiplexer of DVR can record the video data of the CCTV video recorder at the same time, reduce the equipment needed in the video surveillance system and display the powerful function. Thus, by digitizing the video information of the security camera and compressing it based on MPEG-4, DVR can record multiple high quality video streams efficiently. DVR may also backup video information in other formats, such as CD-RW/DVD-RW. USB drives, memory cards or other memory cards.

 

　　因此，DVR不仅仅在普遍意义上增加了监控系统的部件和功能，而且，DVR软件已经极大地扩展了视频监控系统的设计，功能和效益。通过把数字报警信号输入和输出到硬盘录像机，几乎所有类型的安全系统组合都允许DVR作为主要的监测和控制设备嵌入。
Therefore, DVR not only increases the components and functions of the monitoring system in general, but also, the DVR software has greatly expanded the design, function and benefit of video monitoring system. By input and output of a digital alarm signal to a hard disk VCR, almost all types of security system combinations allow DVR to be embedded as the main monitoring and control device.